Ernesto Rosales Ramírez，秘鲁工业设计师。热衷于交通工具设计的他，从小就充满好奇心，喜欢拆东西，并且试图去搞清楚它们是如何工作。他认为，任何设计出来的产品脱离了人就什么都不是，所以坚持设计必须以人为中心。目前Ernesto在大众消费品公司Belcorp Peru工作，同时开发医疗保健技术和运输设计领域的自由职业项目。

Ernesto Rosales Ramírez

Narkii： 

您的多数作品都是交通工具的设计。这个领域最吸引您的是什么呢？

Most of your works are related to vehicle design. What attracts you most in this area?

Ernesto：

当我还是小孩子时，第一次骑上自行车，我就被迷住了，这个由铝、链条和齿轮组成的东西竟可以让我跑得更快，更省力。这是我第一次感受到速度所带来愉悦感，也让我理解了一种概念，就是交通工具作为我们身体的延伸，可以帮助我们做到超越人体限制的事情，比如飞行，或在海底游泳，或是达到非一般的速度。我热衷于所有种类的交通工具，无论是机动还是非机动，原因除了它们所带来的审美上的享受外，还有它们所能对社会产生的影响。举个例子，我尤其欣赏一款车，就是印度制造商TATA Motors所生产的Tata Nano，这款车被认为是世界上最便宜的汽车。之所以有这款车，是因为印度人需要一种安全同时大家都负担得起的交通工具，当时在印度只有5%的人拥有汽车，大部分人都开着摩托车穿行于没有铺混凝土的地面，一家人全部挤在一辆摩托车上的现象非常普遍。Tata在印度变成了“人民的汽车”，它是一个在材料和工艺上实现了最优化的复杂的产品。我想要设计“秘鲁人的汽车”，一个具有包容性的可以满足城市内外人们需求的产品。

When I was a child and I rode a bicycle for the first time in my life, I got fascinated to discover how an object made of aluminum, chains and sprockets could allow me to go faster and with less effort than running. This was my first approach to the pleasure for speed, which also allowed me understand the concept of a vehicle as an extension of your own body to achieve things humanly impossible like flying, or to swim in the deepest of the oceans or to reach speeds that no living being can. I’m a fan of all kind of vehicles, motorized or not, however, furthermore the taste for esthetic I feel attracted to the impact they can have in the society. For instance there is a car in particular that awakes my admiration and that is the Tata Nano from the indian manufacturer TATA Motors, considered to be the cheapest car in the world. It was born from the necessity of the indian population for a transportation mean that was safe but above all, affordable, because at that time, in India only a 5% owned a car and people move in motorcycles through non-paved roads, where it wasn’t uncommon to see whole families moving all together onboard one single linear motorcycle. The Tata became the “car of the people” in India, a complex work of engineering and design based in the optimization of materials and processes, made possible by a team of indian professionals. I would like to design the “car for the Peruvian people”, an inclusive product designed to satisfy people’s needs in and outside the city.

Narkii：

当您开始一个新的项目，您典型的设计流程是怎样的呢？

When you start a new project, what is your typical design process?

Ernesto：

尽管设计有许多的方法论和工具，但是到最后，每个设计师都会得到自己的一套方法。我自己认为，在整个产品开发流程中，概念是基础，这是最难的一部分，因为它定义了设计对象的功能和使命，概念的发想源自于对用户的广泛调查，且明确了他们的需求或是日常体验中可以改善的可能。比如，Chicco Ride On项目中的概念是想要设计出一款“多功能且适合孩子成长不同阶段”的交通工具。这个概念，正是经过了调查才得以发想出来，因为我们调查到了家长在孩子最初快速成长的几年里需要为他们买各种不同类型的交通工具。从婴儿推车，到婴儿步行车，再到各种小的自行车。

说到“适合孩子成长阶段的多功能汽车”，是否包含了这样一个理念：创造一个涵盖这些产品主要功能的小车，适应孩子们成长的需求，父母只需要投资在这一件上，充分利用了家庭空间，并且作为一个多功能玩具更容易运输。一旦定义了概念，那么问题就来了，这些问题自然而然会带出设计，比如：孩子的哪个成长阶段最为重要？需要整合哪些功能？需要应用什么材料？为了实现这些功能需要运用什么机械原理？作为最终产品，功能与外观都是研究用户之后得到的结果。

Though there are many methodologies and tools to design, in the end, each designer develops his own methodology. Mine in particular has the concept as a base of the whole product developing process, being this the toughest part, because it defines the function and mission of the object to design, for reaching a concept is the result of a wide investigation focused in the users, to identify their needs or improvement opportunities on a day-to-day experience. For example, the concept developed for the Chicco Ride On Project is a “ multifunctional vehicle adaptable to the growing stages of a child “which is the resulting product of an investigation done by the family parents where it was identified their need to buy different types of vehicles for their kids through their quick development in their first years. From baby strollers, baby walkers, jumpers to different types of ride-on. 

Is there when the sentence “multifunctional vehicle adaptable to the growing stages of a child “encloses the idea to create a ride-on that comprises the main functions of these products, adapting to the children’s needs as they grow and becoming in just one investment for their parents, making the most of the home space and making easier to transport as just one multifunctional toy. Once defined the concept, questions come out to allow the design build itself, like for example: Which development stages are the most important for a child? Which functions must be integrated? Which materials should be used? What mechanism must be integrated to have these funtions?  Being the final product as well in functionality as in appearance the result of the user’s study.

Chicco Ride On

Narkii： 

您提到，一直将设计专注于面向拉美市场，请问这个市场的优势是什么？您是如何最快抓住一个市场的需求呢？

As you mention, you always focus your designs on the Latin American market. What is the advantage of this market? How do you catch the demand of a specific market in a short time?

Ernesto：

拉美市场所具有的巨大优势在于，它还有许多东西等着被探索，这里消费的大部分产品都是进口的，它们并不总是完全适应人体工程学，人体测量学，理想或文化需求，因为拉丁美洲在所有这些方面与美国，欧洲或亚洲完全不同。设计师所具有的批评眼光让我能够快速识别这些需求，因为我是拉丁美洲人，这些也是我的需求，而且我可以在日常体验中发现改善的机会。例如，拉丁美洲人不像美国人消费那样大，而是看重产品在长期内的质量，只做一次特别的投资。

The great advantage that the Latin American Market has is how little it’s been explored, for the most of the products, here consumed, are imported and they not always adapted completely to the ergonomic, anthropometric, aspirational, or cultural needs, as the Latin American is completely different in all of these aspects to the American, European or Asian. The designer’s critic eye allows me to identify quickly these needs, as I am a Latin American, these are my needs as well, and I can spot the improvement opportunities on a day-to-day experience. For instance, the Latin American is not a big consumer as the American and values much more the quality of a product in a long term with just one unique investment.

Narkii： 

您认为什么样的设计才是好设计？

How do you define a good design?

Ernesto：

对我来说，好设计就是在日常生活中不容易被注意到的产品，它与你的生活方式和需求很好地融合在一起，成了你的外延，为你带来新的体验。我欣赏以交互为中心的产品，比如，苹果产品的设计就是让用户专注到与屏幕的交互上。

For me a good design is the one that goes unnoticed on your day-to-day, that integrates so well to your life-style and needs that ends up becoming an extension of you, to have all kind of new experiences. I am an admirer of the products centered in the interaction with the user, for example, Apple products are designed in a way that the user only focusses the attention in the interacting mean, which is the screen.  

KUY - Folding electric car

Narkii：  

平时有什么爱好吗？这些爱好有给您带来什么灵感吗？

What is your hobby? Do you get inspiration from it?

Ernesto：

其实我一直都从周围的一切中获得灵感。 2003年我12岁时，从库斯科来到利马，一直住在离马格达莱纳市场两个街区的地方，在这个地方我成了邻家小孩，向往着圣马丁·德·波雷斯，喜欢开玩笑，喜欢在市场上散步，踢足球，跳舞，参加派对，以及，家人对我是最重要的。换句话说，这里的生活塑造了我的个性，我在设计能够适应我国人民的需求和习惯的产品时我很骄傲地展示自己的这一部分，甚至在新加坡的红点设计大奖颁奖现场中跳萨尔萨舞，我所居住城市的方方面面都反映了那里的人们，无论好与坏。

Actually I get my inspiration constantly from everything that surrounds me. I came to Lima from Cusco in the year 2003, at the age of 12 and I have always lived two blocks away from the Magdalena marketplace, a place that embraced and raised me as a kid-next-door that is devote to San Martin de Porres, a kid who loves to joke, take a walk in the market, play football soccer, dance, go to a party and most of all, to keep my family as the most important thing. In other words, living here has defined my personality, which I show with pride when I design products that can be adapted to my people’s needs and usages, or even dancing salsa at the Red Dot Design Award in Singapur, for each aspect in the city where I live, reflects the people that live in it, the good and bad.

Narkii：   

秘鲁设计业为设计师们提供了怎样的环境？

What kind of environment for designers does design industry provide in Peru?

Ernesto：

在秘鲁，工业设计职业只出现了几年的时间，但由于全球化，经济增长以及大公司需要提高竞争力，它渐渐地在工作环境中为人所知。的确，目前我国还没有一个发展很多产品的产业，但发展出大规模消费产品的潜力巨大，最重要的是我们有很大机会可以复兴我们的部分文化遗产，发展能够满足及尽可能帮助人们的自有品牌线。

In Peru, the Industry Design career has just few years but it’s becoming well-known little by little in the working environment thanks to the globalization, the economic growth and the need for the big companies to have a competitive leverage. It’s true that at the moment, our country doesn’t count with an industry that develops many products, there is a huge potential for developing products of massive consumption and most important the great opportunity to resume part of our cultural legacy to develop an own-design line that answers the needs and mostly help our people’s development.

Bicimoto FX-01

Narkii：  

最后，对刚刚起步的设计师说点什么吧。

Any final messages to those just starting out? 

Ernesto：

我想对这些在当下大环境中因为自身职业并不为人所知而感到不之所错的秘鲁年轻设计师说点话。作为设计师，我们有责任提高意识，并让当地市场明白工业设计师的潜力，我们可以开发有形和无形产品，这些产品不仅可以带来竞争优势，而且最重要的是可以让人们更好，改善他们的生活方式。

我最初是在一家秘鲁的大规模消费跨国公司工作，从事来自户外设计机构（美国，法国，意大利等）的装瓶和包装工业设计中介。我的职责与设计管理有关，但是我对设计的渴望使我提出了大量的设计，这些在最开始的几年被拒绝了，主要原因是公司缺乏与当地设计师合作的知识和安全感。最后，经过长期的坚持，我有机会开发了一个上市的项目，消费研究里表明，它远远超过了外国设计机构的设计。这是公司开始用内部工业设计开发更多产品的突破点，为未来的发展创造了内部方法，因为通过内部设计，成本和期限可以得到最优化。这不是一件容易的事情，但向当地市场展示秘鲁设计的潜力要靠我们。

My message is to the Peruvian young designers that can feel overwhelmed by the current situation in our country where our career in the working environment is not so well-known. It is our responsibility as designers to raise awareness and to teach the local market the potential of an Industry designer to develop tangible and intangible products that can generate not just competitive advantages, but most important yet, the development of the people and improvement of their life-style.

I started working in a Peruvian transnational company of massive consumption who worked on the mediation of industrial designing of bottling and packaging from outdoor design agencies (USA, France, Italy, etc). My duties were related to the design administration, but my urge to design made me present a large quantity of designs that, at first were rejected during a couple of years, due mostly to a lack of knowledge and insecurity of the company to work with a local designer. In the end, after a long persistence, I had the opportunity to develop a project that was launched to the market after surpassing by far in the consumption studies, the designs of the foreign agencies. This was the breaking point for the company to start developing more products with an in-house industry design, creating an internal methodology for future developments, because with an in-house design, the costs and deadlines could be optimized. It’s not an easy task, but it depends on us to show the local market the potential of the Peruvian design.  

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